# Publications on Exchange Rates and Currencies ## expand\_more "[Reserves, Sanctions and Tariffs in a Time of Uncertainty](/sites/g/files/omnuum8121/files/2025-08/CFIforJIE2025Aug11_0.pdf "Reserves, Sanctions and Tariffs in a Time of Uncertainty")," with M.Chinn and H.Ito, NBER WP 34177, August 2025. “[Estimation of Nonlinear Exchange Rate Dynamics in Evolving Regimes](/file_url/1437),” with Yao Hou and Danxia Xie, [NBER Working Paper No. 32644, July](https://www.nber.org/papers/w32644); [June 2024](/file_url/1421). [Double-spaced](/file_url/1461), [July 20, 2024](/file_url/1462). “[The Dollar versus the Euro as International Reserve Currencies](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261560624001104),” with Menzie Chinn and Hiro Ito, 2024, [*Journal of International Money and Finance,* vol.146, August.](/) [HKS RWP no. 24-005](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4749335), March. [NBER](https://www.nber.org/papers/w32387) [WP 32387](https://www.nber.org/papers/w32387?utm_campaign=ntwh&utm_medium=email&utm_source=ntwg13), [April 2024](/file_url/1400). “[Dollar Rivals](/),” [2024](/file_url/1389), in[ *50 Years of Floating*](https://books.google.com/books/about/Floating_Exchange_Rates_at_Fifty.html?id=2AIp0AEACAAJ)*,* Douglas Irwin and Maurice Obstfeld, editiors (Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington DC). [HKS RWP](/file_url/1186)[ 23-015](https://www.hks.harvard.edu/publications/dollar-rivals), June; [NBER WP 31476](https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w31476/w31476.pdf), July 2023. "[Systematic Managed Floating](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11079-019-09528-8)," 2019, [*Open Economies Review*](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11079-019-09528-8)*,* [April, vol 30, no.2](https://link.springer.com/journal/11079/30/2) pp.255-295. Reprinted, 2021, in [*The Asian Monetary Policy Forum: Insights for Central Banking*](https://econpapers.repec.org/bookchap/wsiwsbook/12323.htm), S.Davis, E.Robinson, and B.Yeung, eds. (World Scientific Publ. Co. Pte Ltd). [NBER WP 23663](http://www.nber.org/papers/w23663). [Data](/file_url/889) [appendix](/file_url/890), [2017](/file_url/891). “[The Currency-Plus-Commodity Basket](/file_url/276): [A Proposal for Exchange Rates in Oil-Exporting Countries to Accommodate Trade Shocks Automatically​](/publications/%E2%80%9C-currency-plus-commodity-basket-exchange-rate-proposal-make-monetary-policy)” [Short abstract](/file_url/564). In: *Macroeconomic Institutions and Management in Resource-Rich Arab Economies,* edited by Kamiar Mohaddes, Jeffrey Nugent and Hoda Selim, (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 2019. [Abstract](/publications/%E2%80%9C-currency-plus-commodity-basket-exchange-rate-proposal-make-monetary-policy). [CID WP no 333](https://www.hks.harvard.edu/centers/cid/publications/faculty-working-papers/currency-plus-commodity-basket), 2017. "[The Plaza Accord](/file_url/1228), [30 Years Later](/file_url/1229),” published in [*Currency Policy Then and Now: 30th Anniversary of the Plaza Accord*](https://www.piie.com/bookstore/international-monetary-cooperation-lessons-plaza-accord-after-thirty-years), edited by C.F. Bergsten & R. Green (Peterson Institute for International Economics: Washington), 2016. [NBER](/file_url/1230) [Working Paper](/file_url/1231) [21813](http://www.nber.org/papers/w21813%20%20); HKS RWP15-056; [Baker Institute WP](https://www.bakerinstitute.org/sites/default/files/2015-09/import/WorkingPaper-Plaza-Frankel-092815.pdf). [Conference](https://www.bakerinstitute.org/events/1736/), Rice University. ### More Topics [Publications on Currencies](https://prod-frankel.drupalsites.harvard.edu/recent-publications-currencies) [Exchange Rates & Regimes](https://prod-frankel.drupalsites.harvard.edu/recent-publications-exchange-rates) [Expectations of Participants in the Foreign Exchange Markets](https://prod-frankel.drupalsites.harvard.edu/recent-publications-expectations-about-foreign-exchange-markets) [What Makes Exchange Rates Move (incl. PPP)](https://prod-frankel.drupalsites.harvard.edu/recent-publications-what-makes-exchange-rates-move) --- Attachments- [ picture\_as\_pdf SystematicMngdFloat2019.pdf ](/sites/g/files/omnuum8121/files/frankel/files/systematicmngdfloat2019.pdf) --- See also:- [ Exchange Rates & Currencies ](/publication-topics-new/exchange-rates-and-currencies-0)